Linux

Technical Notes

These notes are my personal online notebook of useful commands and "how-to's". You are welcome to make use of them if you find them helpful. They obviously don't come with any warranty! Click on one of the category tags above for the notes in any category.

rebuilding initrd

#to unpack into a new folder
initfile=/mnt/initrd-2.6.18-194.11.1.el5.img
mkdir new; cd new
gunzip < $initfile | cpio -id

#make changes and rebuild with:
find ./ | cpio -H newc -o > ../initrd.cpio
cd ..
gzip initrd.cpio
mv $initfile ${initfile}.old
mv initrd.cpio.gz $initfile

Linux remote access

Gnome shortcut keys

General keyboard shortcuts

Ctrl+A = Select all (In Documents, Firefox, Nautilus, etc, not Terminal)
Ctrl+C = Copy (In Documents, Firefox, Nautilus, etc, not Terminal)
Ctrl+V = Paste (In Documents, Firefox, Nautilus, etc, not Terminal)

F9 = Toggle Sidebar
F2 = Rename
Ctrl+Shift+N = Create new folder

Ctrl+N = New (Create a new document, not in terminal)
Ctrl+O = Open (Open a document, not in terminal)
Ctrl+S = Save (Save the current document, not in terminal)

Installing NX Server

  • Install NX (info from this page: http://www.nomachine.com/download-package.php?Prod_Id=355 )

    CentOS 5.5 64bit

    yum install wget #must be logged on as root
    NXVER=3.4.0
    CVER=7
    NVER=13
    SVER=12
    ARCH=x86_64
    NXURL=http://64.34.161.181/download
    wget $NXURL/$NXVER/Linux/nxclient-$NXVER-$CVER.$ARCH.rpm
    wget $NXURL/$NXVER/Linux/nxnode-$NXVER-$NVER.$ARCH.rpm
    wget $NXURL/$NXVER/Linux/FE/nxserver-$NXVER-$SVER.$ARCH.rpm
    rpm -i nxclient-$NXVER-$CVER.$ARCH.rpm
    rpm -i nxnode-$NXVER-$NVER.$ARCH.rpm
    rpm -i nxserver-$NXVER-$SVER.$ARCH.rpm

yum

Strategy for MX backup for email reliability

How to chroot

Here is a good link on how to Recover a Non-booting Linux System
http://roderick-greening.blogspot.com/2009/09/recover-non-booting-linux-...

and the core:

ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo mount /dev/sda6 /mnt
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/boot
ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo mount /dev/sda7 /mnt/home

Verify everything looks correct before proceeding (i.e. you got the partitions correct and mounted in the correct places).

Next, you need to take care of /proc and /dev as follows:

ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo mount -t proc none /mnt/proc

dynamic DNS

To use a dynamic DNS system, register an account with http://www.zoneedit.com
Documentation on: http://www.zoneedit.com/doc/dynamic.html
download http://ddclient.sourceforge.net/
You will need to change the section for zoneedit near the bottom, plus at the top set the interval to what you want (from 300) and uncomment:
use=web
There may be a problem if the password contains punctuation characters

Samba Server Setup

This is very "quick and dirty" using the CentOS gui tools as much as possible

-install server & open firewall to samba
-create office and supervisor groups and a /home/common folder
-create all users on server and make them part of office, (+supervisor)
-add all users to Samba with Windows names and passwords
-share all home drives and set user access on shares as appropriate
-set permissions in the directory at the root of each share, appropriate to users
-chmod g+w -R * #at the top level of each shared directory so groups can read and write
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